?
§¥§â§Ñ§Þ§Ñ §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§à§â§Ñ §¯§à§Ó§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ, §Ú§Ý§Ú §ª§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö§å§Õ§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §à§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§Ú§ñ, §á§â§Ö§ä§Ö§ß§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ §¯§à§Ò§Ö§Ý§ñ?
§©§Ñ§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§ð §ß§Ñ§å§Ü§Ú §¢§³§³§², §à§Õ§ß§à§Þ§å §Ú§Ù §Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ë§Ú§ç §ç§Ú§Þ§Ú§Ü§à§Ó-§ß§Ö§à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Ú §á§à§ã§ä§ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§Ü§à§Þ §á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö, §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§à§â§å §¤§Ö§à§â§Ô§Ú§ð §¯§à§Ó§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§å 20 §æ§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§Ý§ñ §Þ§à§Ô§Ý§à §Ò§í §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ 100 §Ý§Ö§ä. §° §Ù§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Ó§à§Û, §ï§á§à§ç§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §æ§Ú§Ô§å§â§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §æ§å§ß§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ò§Ö§Ý§à§â§å§ã§ã§Ü§à§Û §ß§Ñ§å§Ü§Ú §Ú §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ ¡ª §Ó §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ö §Ü§à§â§â§Ö§ã§á§à§ß§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §Ñ§Ô§Ö§ß§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ ?§®§Ú§ß§ã§Ü-¾º²Êè?.
?
§£§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ó§Ö§ä
?
§¢§Ú§à§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ú§ñ §å §¤.?§¯§à§Ó§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ §Ó §Þ§à§Ý§à§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §à§Ò§í§é§ß§à §Ú §ß§Ö§à§Ò§í§é§ß§à §à§Õ§ß§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à. §©§Õ§Ö§ã§î §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §ã§ä§Ú§Ý§î §Ñ§Ù§Ò§å§Ü§Ú §®§à§â§Ù§Ö: §ä§à§é§Ü§Ñ-§ä§Ú§â§Ö.
§°§ß, §â§à§Õ§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§Û§ã§ñ §Ó §æ§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§Ý§Ö 1924?§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ý§Ö§ä§à§Þ 1941-§Ô§à §ã §à§ä§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ö§Þ §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ú§Ý §ã§Ñ§â§Ñ§ä§à§Ó§ã§Ü§å§ð §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§ð§ð §ê§Ü§à§Ý§å. §ª §ä§å§ä §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ñ §°§ä§Ö§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à§Û§ß§Ñ.
§¬§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§Ö §ã§Ó§Ö§â§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú, §â§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §æ§â§à§ß§ä, §ß§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Ö. §¥§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§à§á§Ñ§Ý §Ó §ê§Ü§à§Ý§å §ð§ß§Ô, §ß§à §Ú§Ù-§Ù§Ñ §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ §ã§à §Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ö§Ô§à §à§ä§é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ú§Ý§Ú.
§´§Ö§Þ §ß§Ö §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§à§Þ §á§à§Ù§Ø§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ 18 §Ý§Ö§ä §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§à§Û. §·§à§ä§ñ §Þ§à§Ô §Ò§í §à§ä§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ä§î, §ß§à §Ü§å§Õ§Ñ §ä§Ñ§Þ¡ §´§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ú §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú. §¡ §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ù§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú, §ä§à §à§é§Ö§ß§î §Ú §à§é§Ö§ß§î §ß§Ö§Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§Ö.
§³§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à §Ñ§â§ç§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Þ §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ, §¤§Ö§à§â§Ô§Ú§Û §ª§Ó§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§é §Ù§Ñ §ä§â§Ú §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ò§í §à§ã§Ó§à§Ú§Ý §ã§â§Ñ§Ù§å §ä§â§Ú §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú: §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ö§Õ§é§Ú§Ü§Ñ-§á§Ö§ç§à§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ñ, §Ò§à§Û§è§Ñ §Ý§í§Ø§ß§à§Ô§à §Ò§Ñ§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§à§ß§Ñ §Ú §â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§à§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ú§ã§ä§Ñ.
§£§á§â§à§é§Ö§Þ, §à §Ó§à§Û§ß§Ö §¯§à§Ó§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ó §ã§Ö§Þ§Ö§Û§ß§à§Þ §Ü§â§å§Ô§å §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §ß§Ú§é§Ö§Ô§à §Ú §ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý, §ß§Ñ §Ó§ã§ä§â§Ö§é§Ú §Ó§Ö§ä§Ö§â§Ñ§ß§à§Ó §ß§Ö §ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý §Ú §ê§Ü§à§Ý§î§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ §á§â§à §ã§Ó§à§Û §Ó§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ §Ó §±§à§Ò§Ö§Õ§å §ß§Ö §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý, §Ú§Ò§à §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý §ï§ä§à §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§â§à§Þ§ß§í§Þ.
§¯§à §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§í §ã§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä: §Ò§í§Ý §ä§ñ§Ø§Ö§Ý§à §â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß §ß§Ñ §Ý§Ö§Ô§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§â§ß§à§Û §¬§å§â§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§å§Ô§Ö, §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ö §Ó §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§â§å§ã§Ú, §£§Ú§ä§Ö§Ò§ã§Ü§Ñ §Ú §¢§à§Ò§â§å§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ, §Ó §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. §´§Ñ§Ü §é§ä§à §ß§Ö§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§Ñ §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý §ã§Ó§à§ð §ã§å§Õ§î§Ò§å §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §Õ§Ó§Ñ§Õ§è§Ñ§ä§î §ã §ß§Ö§Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§Þ §Ý§Ö§ä §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §ã §¢§³§³§². §´§Ñ§Ü§à§Ö §ß§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ò§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ.
?
§¦§Ö §Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §ß§Ñ§å§Ü§Ñ
?
§¦§Ô§à §Ö§ë§Ö §Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§é§Ú§ê§Ü§à§Û §Ó §â§à§Õ§ß§à§Þ §³§Ñ§â§Ñ§ä§à§Ó§Ö §ä§ñ§ß§å§Ý§à §Ü §Ú§Ù§à§Ò§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§å, §Ü §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §é§Ö§Ô§à-§ä§à §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §ß§à§Ó§à§Ô§à. §£§à§ä §Ú §Ó §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ö§Û §Ñ§â§Þ§Ú§Ú §á§í§ä§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó§ß§Ö§Õ§â§Ú§ä§î §Þ§Ú§ß§à§Þ§Ö§ä §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§â§å§Ü§è§Ú§Ú. §±§â§Ñ§Ó§Õ§Ñ, §à§â§å§Õ§Ú§Ö §Ó§Ù§à§â§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §á§â§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Þ §Ø§Ö §Ú§ã§á§í§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú. §ª §ã§é§Ñ§ã§ä§î§Ö, §é§ä§à §ß§Ú§Ü§ä§à §ß§Ö §á§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§Ý¡
?
§¬§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ö§æ§â§Ö§Û§ä§à§â §¯§à§Ó§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ý§Ö§ä§à§Þ 1945-§Ô§à §Õ§à§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý §ã§â§à§é§ß§å§ð §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ò§å §Ó §±§â§Ú§Ò§Ñ§Ý§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö, §Ö§Þ§å §Ö§ë§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù §á§à§Ó§Ö§Ù§Ý§à. §¬§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ú§â §á§à§Ý§Ü§Ñ §á§à§Õ§ê§å§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý-§á§à§Õ§ê§å§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý §ß§Ñ§Õ §ã§Ó§à§Ú§Þ §Õ§à§Þ§à§â§à§ë§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §¿§Õ§Ú§ã§à§ß§à§Þ, §ß§à §á§à§Þ§à§Ô-§ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú §à§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ú §Õ§Ñ§Ý §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §§Ö§ß§Ú§ß§Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §å§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§ä.
§±§â§Ú§Ö§ç§Ñ§Ý §ß§à§Ó§à§Ú§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Õ§Ö§Þ§Ò§Ö§Ý§î-§Ñ§Ò§Ú§ä§å§â§Ú§Ö§ß§ä §Ó §Ô§à§â§à§Õ §ß§Ñ §¯§Ö§Ó§Ö, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó §Ó§å§Ù§í §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§á§à§Ý§å§é§ß§à §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§é§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ. §¯§à §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §á§Ú§ã§î§Þ§à §Ú§Ù §Ó§à§Û§ã§Ü §ã§í§Ô§â§Ñ§Ý§à §ã§Ó§à§ð §â§à§Ý§î.
§´§Ñ§Ü §à§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ §ã§ä§å§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Þ-§ç§Ú§Þ§Ú§Ü§à§Þ §Ó §§Ö§ß§Ú§ß§Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ §å§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ö §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö. §´§Ñ§Þ §à§ß §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý §Ü§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ú§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Þ §Ú §Õ§à§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Þ §ß§Ñ§å§Ü, §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §Ü§â§å§á§ß§à§Û §Ý§Ñ§Ò§à§â§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ú§Ö§Û, §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§à§â§à§Þ §Ú §ä. §Õ.
§¯§à §Þ§Ñ§Ü§ã§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§ç §å§ã§á§Ö§ç§à§Ó §Õ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ö§ç§Ñ§Ý §Ú§Ù §±§Ú§ä§Ö§â§Ñ §Ó §®§Ú§ß§ã§Ü §Ó 1966?§Ô§à§Õ§å. §©§Õ§Ö§ã§î §Ù§Ñ 40 (§Ò§Ö§Ù §Þ§Ñ§Ý§à§Ô§à) §Ý§Ö§ä §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í §à§ß §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§Ý §Ü§â§å§á§ß§å§ð §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§å§ð §ê§Ü§à§Ý§å §ß§Ñ §Ò§Ñ§Ù§Ö §ß§í§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ö§Ô§à §¢§Ö§Ý§à§â§å§ã§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ä§Ö§ç§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §å§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ, §Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý §ã§Ó§í§ê§Ö 20?§Ý§Ö§ä §Ü§Ñ§æ§Ö§Õ§â§å §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Û §Ú §ß§Ö§à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ç§Ú§Þ§Ú§Ú. §±§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ú§Ý 6 §Õ§à§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Ó §Ú §á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§Ñ 60 §Ü§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ú§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Ó §ß§Ñ§å§Ü. §¦§Þ§å §Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ö §Ó§à §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§Þ §á§à§Þ§à§Ô§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â §Ú §Ó§à§Ý§ñ, §Ó§í§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ö§ë§Ö §Ó §Ó§à§Û§ß§å, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §å§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§â§ä§ß§à §Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ú§ä§î §Ú §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î. §°§ß §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ê§Ö§Ý §ã§Ó§à§Ú§Þ §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ ¡ª §ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ú §ß§Ú§é§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ö §Ò§à§ñ§Ý§ã§ñ. §¬§Ñ§Ü §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §ß§Ñ §æ§â§à§ß§ä§Ö: ?§¥§Ó§å§Þ §ã§Þ§Ö§â§ä§ñ§Þ §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î, §Ñ §à§Õ§ß§à§Û §ß§Ö §Þ§Ú§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î?. §¥§Ý§ñ §ß§Ö§Ô§à §ï§ä§à §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §ß§Ö §á§â§à§ã§ä§à §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ.
?
§¯§Ñ§å§é§ß§í§Ö §ä§Ñ§Û§ß§í?
?
§£ §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ö 1980-§ç §Ó §®§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ö §á§â§Ú §¢§Ö§Ý§à§â§å§ã§ã§Ü§à§Þ §ä§Ö§ç§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§ä§Ö §á§à§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ý§Ñ§Ò§à§â§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §à§Õ§ß§à§Û §Ú§Ù §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§ç §Ó §³§³§³§² §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ñ§Ý§î§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§ç §Ú§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§Ú.
§°§ß§Ñ §Ó§à§ê§Ý§Ñ §Ó §Þ§à§ë§ß§å§ð §Ó§ã§Ö§ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§å§ð §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§å. §ª §Ó§à§ä §ä§å§ä §å §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§à§Ô§à §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ §Þ§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ý§Ñ§Ò§à§â§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§à§â§Ñ §¯§à§Ó§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ §á§à§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó§Ö§ã§î§Þ§Ñ §à§â§Ú§Ô§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ú§Õ§Ö§ñ. §µ §Ó§à§Õ§í §Ó §ç§Ú§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Þ §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý §ã§Ó§à§Ö§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§Û §Ò§â§Ñ§ä-§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ù§ß§Ö§è: §ã§Ö§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§à§â§à§Õ. §±§â§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§ë§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Ó§Ö§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §á§à§Ò§à§é§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Õ§å§Ü§ä§Ñ §Õ§à§Ò§í§é§Ú §ß§Ö§æ§ä§Ú §Ú §Ô§Ñ§Ù§Ñ, §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§ä§î §Ú §è§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Ó§à§Õ§à§â§à§Õ, §Ú §Ó§Ö§ã§î§Þ§Ñ §á§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§å§ð, §á§â§Ú§Ò§í§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §ã§Ö§â§å.
§ª§Õ§Ö§ñ §å§é§Ö§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú§Ù §®§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§Ü§ã§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §Ô§à§â§ñ§é§å§ð §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§å §å §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§à§Û §¡§Ü§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ§å§Ü. §ª §Ó 1970¨C1980 §Ô§à§Õ§í §á§â§à§ã§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§Û§ã§ñ §Ó§á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ó§Ö§ã§î §Þ§Ú§â §Ñ§Ü§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ü §£§Ñ§Ý§Ö§â§Ú§Û §§Ö§Ô§Ñ§ã§à§Ó §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý §à§é§Ö§ß§î §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §Ò§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ó §¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§â§å§ã§Ú, §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§à §à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §Õ§à§Þ§Ñ §å §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§à§â§Ñ §¯§à§Ó§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ, §ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Ô§à §Ö§Ô§à §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §ß§Ö §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Þ, §ä§à §Ò§Ý§Ú§Ø§Ñ§Û§ê§Ú§Þ §Ü§à§Ý§Ý§Ö§Ô§à§Û.
§ª§ç §ä§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §é§â§Ö§Ù§Ó§í§é§Ñ§Û§ß§à §å§Õ§Ñ§é§ß§í§Þ. §§Ö§Ô§Ñ§ã§à§Ó §Ü§å§â§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö §Ñ§ä§à§Þ§ß§à-§Ó§à§Õ§à§â§à§Õ§ß§å§ð §ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ü§å, §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ý§ð§Ò§Ú§Þ§è§Ö§Þ §Ú §ß§Ö§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§í§Þ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Þ §Õ§Ú§â§Ö§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§à§Ô§à §ª§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§ä§Ñ §Ñ§ä§à§Þ§ß§à§Û §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§Ú (§ª§¡§¿), §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §¡§Ü§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ§å§Ü §³§³§³§² §¡§Ý§Ö§Ü§ã§Ñ§ß§Õ§â§à§Ó§Ñ. §¯§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§æ§Ú§Ü§å §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í, §á§â§ñ§Þ§à §Ò§í§Ý §Ù§Ñ§Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß §Ó §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ú §Ñ§Ý§î§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Þ§å §Ñ§ä§à§Þ§å §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ö§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú.
§©§Ñ §á§à§Ý§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Õ§à §¹§Ö§â§ß§à§Ò§í§Ý§ñ ?§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ü §£§Ñ§Ý§Ö§â§Ñ? (§ä§Ñ§Ü §Ö§Ô§à §Ù§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ò§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ü§Ú§Ö §Õ§â§å§Ù§î§ñ) §Ò§í§Ý §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß §Ü§å§â§Ñ§ä§à§â§à§Þ §ß§Ñ§Õ §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú §¡§¿§³ §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §³§à§ð§Ù§Ñ, §ß§à §Ó §Ü§å§â§ã §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Ó§à§ê§Ö§Ý §ß§Ö §Õ§à §Ü§à§ß§è§Ñ. §¬§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §¹§Ö§â§ß§à§Ò§í§Ý§î §â§Ó§Ñ§ß§å§Ý, §£§Ñ§Ý§Ö§â§Ú§Û §¡§Ý§Ö§Ü§ã§Ö§Ö§Ó§Ú§é §Ò§í§Ý §ä§Ñ§Þ §å§Ø§Ö §ß§Ñ §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Û §Õ§Ö§ß§î, §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý §ã§Ú§Ý§î§ß§Ö§Û§ê§å§ð §Õ§à§Ù§å §à§Ò§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ß§à¡ §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ú§é§Ö§Ô§à §å§Ø§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §ß§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à.
§²§à§Ó§ß§à §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §Õ§Ó§Ñ §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §é§Ö§â§ß§à§Ò§í§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Û §ä§â§Ñ§Ô§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ú, 27 §Ñ§á§â§Ö§Ý§ñ 1988 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ñ§Ü§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ü §á§à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ú§Ý §ã §ã§à§Ò§à§Û.
§¢§Ö§Ù §Ú§Õ§Ö§Û§ß§à§Ô§à §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ §Ó §®§à§ã§Ü§Ó§Ö, §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§à§ñ§ä§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §¸§¬ §¬§±§³§³, §ã §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§Þ §Ó§ã§Ü§à§â§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§á§Ñ§Õ§à§Þ §â§Ö§ã§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ö§Û §Ó§à§Õ§à§â§à§Õ§ß§Ñ§ñ §ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§â§í§Ý§Ñ§ã§î, §Ý§Ñ§Ò§à§â§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §Ó §®§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ö §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ã§á§å§ã§ä§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î.
§¯§Ö §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§à§Û§Õ§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §ï§ä§Ú§ç §é§å§Õ§à§Ó§Ú§ë§ß§í§ç §ã§à§Ó§á§Ñ§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ù§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§é§Ñ, §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã §â§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó§à§Õ§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó §á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ç (§Ú§Ù §Ó§à§Õ§í §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§Ù §ã§Ö§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §ß§Ö §ã§å§ä§î), §ß§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§ß§ñ§Ü§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ò§í §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ó §³§³§³§². §¦§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ú §Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú §ã §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§î§ð §Ó§Ö§â§à§ñ§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ö§ä§Ö§ß§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §¯§à§Ò§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§å§ð §á§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§ð, §ß§à¡ §ª§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §ã§à§ã§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ß§Ñ§Ü§Ý§à§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §ß§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä.
§¯§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §ä§à, §é§ä§à §Ó §à§Õ§ß§å §â§Ö§Ü§å §Õ§Ó§Ñ§Ø§Õ§í §ß§Ö §Ó§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ä, §Ó §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö §Ó §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ö §ß§å§Ý§Ö§Ó§í§ç §á§à§á§í§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §à§á§â§à§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§ß§å§ä§î §ï§ä§à§ä §Õ§â§Ö§Ó§ß§Ú§Û §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á.
§²§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§à§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §Ó §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ç §¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§â§å§ã§Ú §à§á§ñ§ä§î §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §Ñ§Ü§ä§å§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à. §ª §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§à§â §¯§à§Ó§Ú§Ü§à§Ó, §Ü §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§å §ß§å§Ý§Ö§Ó§í§ç §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§Û 75-§Ý§Ö§ä§ß§Ú§Û §â§å§Ò§Ö§Ø §Ú §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§Û §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ§å§Ü§à§Û, §à§á§ñ§ä§î §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§å.
§¬ §ß§Ö§ã§é§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð, §â§Ö§ê§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§Ö§Û§ê§å§ð §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§å §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ñ §Ò§Ö§Ù §á§â§Ö§Ø§ß§Ö§Û §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ú §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§à-§ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ò§Ñ§Ù§í §á§à§Ø§Ú§Ý§à§Þ§å §å§é§Ö§ß§à§Þ§å §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §å§Ø§Ö §ß§Ö §á§à§Õ §ã§Ú§Ý§å. 26?§Ú§ð§Ý§ñ 2004?§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §à§ß §å§ê§Ö§Ý §Ú§Ù §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú: §Õ§Ú§Ñ§Ô§ß§à§Ù ?§â§Ñ§Ü §Ø§Ö§Ý§å§Õ§Ü§Ñ §Ó §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§Õ§Ú§Ú? §Ö§Þ§å §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §é§ä§à-§ä§à §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ä§î §Ò§í§Ý§à §ß§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à.
?
§¢§å§Ý§Ô§Ñ§Ü§à§Ó§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§à§Ó§á§Ñ§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ
?
§³§â§Ñ§Ù§å §Ø§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Ö§Ô§à §ã§Þ§Ö§â§ä§Ú, §Ó §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§Õ§Ú§Ú §á§â§à§ë§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §Õ§Ó§Ö §ß§à§é§Ú §Ü§â§ñ§Õ§å §â§Ñ§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Ú§ð§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §®§Ú§ß§ã§Ü §ã§à§ä§â§ñ§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö-§ä§à §ã§å§Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§Ö§Õ§ê§Ú§Ö §Ô§â§à§Ù§í¡ §ª §Ø§Ñ§â§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ï§ä§Ú §é§Ñ§ã§í §ã§á§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ñ.
§¤§à§â§à§Õ §Ü§à§Ý§à§ä§Ú§Ý§à §à§ä §é§å§Õ§à§Ó§Ú§ë§ß§í§ç §Ù§Ñ§Ý§á§à§Ó, §Ò§å§Õ§ä§à §à§ä §Ù§Ñ§Ý§á§à§Ó §ä§í§ã§ñ§é §à§â§å§Õ§Ú§Û. §¦§Ô§à, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ã§Ý§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§à§Ó §á§Ý§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§Ý§î§ë§Ú§è, §Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §á§â§à§Ù§â§Ñ§é§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ß§Ö§Ò§Ö§ã§ß§í§Þ§Ú §â§Ö§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §¬§ä§à-§ä§à §ã§Ü§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ä §á§â§à §Ò§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§Ó§á§Ñ§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ü§ä§à-§ä§à, §ß§Ñ§à§Ò§à§â§à§ä, §á§â§à §ã§Ó§à§Ö§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§Û §á§â§à§ë§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §à§Ò§â§ñ§Õ §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§í, §à§è§Ö§ß§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Û §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §á§à§Õ§à§ê§Ö§Ý §Þ§Ñ§Ü§ã§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §Ò§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ü§à §Ü §â§Ñ§Ù§Ô§Ñ§Õ§Ü§Ö §Ö§Ö §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§ç §ä§Ñ§Û§ß, §ß§à §à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§Û§ã§ñ¡
§¹§ä§à-§ä§à §Ö§ã§ä§î §Ó §ï§ä§à§Û §ä§Ö§à§â§Ú§Ú. §¤.?§¯§à§Ó§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ó§ã§ð §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §ã§à§Ý§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Þ, §Ò§à§Û§è§à§Þ §Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ú§ç §Ó§à§Û§ß (§ã §æ§Ñ§ê§Ú§Ù§Þ§à§Þ §ã §à§Õ§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í, §ã §ä§Ñ§Û§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§í §Ú §Ù§Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §á§â§à§ß§Ú§Ü§ß§å§ä§î §Ó §Ú§ç §ã§å§ä§î?¡ª?§ã §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Û). §ª §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §ß§Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§ã§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ý.
§¥§Ñ, §Ú §ä§à§ä §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä, §é§ä§à §¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§â§å§ã§î §ã§Ó§à§Û §Ó§í§Ò§à§â §Ó §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §Ñ§ä§à§Þ§ß§à§Û §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§Ú §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ý§Ñ, §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§à§â§Ñ §¤§Ö§à§â§Ô§Ú§ñ §ª§Ó§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§é§Ñ §¯§à§Ó§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §Ò§í.
?
§á§à §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§Þ §Ñ§Ô§Ö§ß§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ "§®§Ú§ß§ã§Ü-¾º²Êè"
?
